PAIN
Volume 90, Issue 3 , Pages 201-203 , 15 February 2001

Assessing placebo effects without placebo groups: an untapped possibility?

  • Donald D. Price

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32605, USA
    • Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32605, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationOral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JHMHC, Box 100416, 1600 Southwest Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA

Received 27 December 2000 ,Accepted 9 January 2001.

References 

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  2. Beecher HK. The powerful placebo. J Am Med Assoc. 1955;159:1602–1606
  3. Beecher HK. Measurement of subjective responses: quantitative effects of drugs. New York: Oxford University Press; 1959;
  4. Benedetti F, Arduino C, Amanzio M. Somatotopic activation of opioid systems by target-directed expectations of analgesia. J Neurosci. 1999;19(9):3639–3648
  5. Fields HL, Price DD. Toward a neurobiology of placebo analgesia. In:  Harrington A editors. Placebo: probing the self-healing brain. Boston, MA: Harvard University Press; 1997;
  6. Gracely RH, Dubner R, Wolskee PJ, Deeter WR. Placebo and naloxone can alter postsurgical pain by separate mechanisms. Nature. 1983;306:264–265
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  11. Price DD, Fields HL. Where are the causes of placebo analgesia? An experiential behavioral analysis. Pain Forum. 1997;6(1):44–52
  12. Price DD, von der Gruen A, Miller J, Rafii A, Price C. A psychophysical analysis of morphine analgesia. Pain. 1985;22:320–330
  13. Price DD, Harkins SW, Rafii A, Price C. A simultaneous comparison of fentanyl's analgesic effects on experimental and clinical pain. Pain. 1986;24:197–203
  14. Price DD, Milling LS, Kirsch I, Duff A, Montgomery GH, Nicholls SS. An analysis of factors that contribute to the magnitude of placebo analgesia. Pain. 1999;83(2):147–156
  15. Turner JA, Deyo RA, Loeser JD, Von Korff M, Fordyce WE. The importance of placebo effects in pain treatment and research. J Am Med Assoc. 1994;271(20):1609–1614
  16. Wall PD. The placebo and the placebo response. In:  Wall PD,  Melzack R editor. Textbook of pain. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1994;

PII: S0304-3959(01)00265-2

PAIN
Volume 90, Issue 3 , Pages 201-203 , 15 February 2001

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