PAIN
Volume 114, Issue 1 , Pages 1-2 , March 2005

Insights into morphine-induced plasticity and spinal tolerance

References 

  1. Ballantyne JC, Mao J. Opioid therapy for chronic pain. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1943–1953
  2. Baranauskas G, Nistri A. Sensitization of pain pathways in the spinal cord: cellular mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol. 1998;54:349–365
  3. Cochin J, Kornetsky C. Development and loss of tolerance to morphine in the rat after single and multiple injections. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1964;145:1–10
  4. Lim G, Wang S, Zeng Q, Sung B, Mao J. Evidence for a long-term influence on morphine tolerance after previous morphine exposure: role of neuronal glucocorticoid receptors. Pain. 2005;114:81–92
  5. Mao J. Opioid-induced abnormal pain sensitivity: implications in clinical opioid therapy. Pain. 2002;100:213–217
  6. Ossipov MH, Lai J, King T, Vanderah TW, Malan TP, Hruby VJ, et al. Antinociceptive and nociceptive actions of opioids. J Neurobiol. 2004;61:126–148
  7. Trujillo KA, Akil H. Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. Science. 1991;251:85–87
  8. Wang S, Lim G, Zeng Q, Sung B, Ai Y, Guo G, et al. Expression of central glucocorticoid receptors after peripheral nerve injury contributes to neuropathic pain behaviors in rats. J Neurosci. 2004;24:8595–8605

PII: S0304-3959(04)00590-1

doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2004.12.019

PAIN
Volume 114, Issue 1 , Pages 1-2 , March 2005

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