PAIN
Volume 138, Issue 3 , Pages 681-687 , 15 September 2008

Onset, prognosis and risk factors for widespread pain in schoolchildren: A prospective 4-year follow-up study

  • Marja Mikkelsson

      Affiliations

    • Rehabilitation Centre, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Joint Authority for Päijät-Häme Social and Health Care, Keskussairaalank. 7, 15850, Lahti, Finland
    • ,
  • Ashraf El-Metwally

      Affiliations

    • Epidemiology Group, Department of Public Health, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
    • Higher Colleges of Technology, University City, PO box 7947, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Address: Epidemiology Group, Department of Public Health, University of Aberdeen, School of Medicine, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK. Tel.: +44 (0) 1224 552 495; fax: +44 (0) 1224 550 925.
    • ,
  • Hannu Kautiainen

      Affiliations

    • The Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Pikijärventie 1, 18120 Heinola, Finland
    • ,
  • Anssi Auvinen

      Affiliations

    • Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland
    • Pediatric Research Center, Tampere University Hospital, FIN-33014, Tampere, Finland
    • ,
  • Gary J. Macfarlane

      Affiliations

    • Epidemiology Group, Department of Public Health, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
    • ,
  • Jouko J. Salminen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Turku, P.O. Box 52, 20520 Turku, Finland

Received 9 November 2007 ,Revised 15 May 2008 ,Accepted 2 June 2008.

References 

  1. Clauw DJ, Crofford LJ. Chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia: what we know, and what we need to know. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2003;17:685–701
  2. Coderre TJ, Katz J, Vaccarino AL, Melzack R. Contribution of central neuroplasticity to pathological pain: review of clinical and experimental evidence. Pain. 1993;52:259–285
  3. Croft P, Rigby AS, Boswell R, Schollum J, Silman A. The prevalence of chronic widespread pain in the general population. J Rheumatol. 1993;20:710–713
  4. El-Metwally A, Salminen JJ, Auvinen A, Kautiainen H, Mikkelsson M. Prognosis of non-specific musculoskeletal pain in preadolescents: a prospective 4-year follow-up study till adolescence. Pain. 2004;110:550–559
  5. Flatø B, Aasland A, Vandvik IH, Forre O. Outcome and predictive factors in children with chronic idiopathic musculoskeletal pain. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1997;15:569–577
  6. Gran JT. The epidemiology of chronic generalized musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2003;17:547–561
  7. Hands B. Larkin D: physical activity measurement methods for young children: a comparative study. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2006;10:203–214
  8. Jones GT, Silman AJ, Macfarlane GJ. Predicting the onset of widespread body pain among children. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:2615–2621
  9. Kamper-Jorgensen L, Mollenvang Nielsen M. Born og unge. Kropsbevidsthet. Forebyggelsesinnsats. Rapport fra et seminar om forebyggelse af og muskel- og skeletsygdomme hos born og unge. Kobenhavn: Dansk Institutt for Klinisk Epidemiologi (DIKE); 1992;p. 13–17 (in Danish)
  10. King A, Wold B, Tudor-Smith C, Harel Y. The health of youth: a cross-sectional survey. Geneva: WHO; 1996;p. 68–69 (European Series No. 69)
  11. Macfarlane GJ. Generalized pain, fibromyalgia and regional pain: an epidemiological view. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 1999;13:403–414
  12. McBeth J, Macfarlane GJ, Benjamin S, Silman AJ. Features of somatisation predict the onset of chronic widespread pain: results from a large population-based study. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44:940–946
  13. Mikkelsson M, Sourander A, Piha J, Salminen JJ. Psychiatric symptoms in pre-adolescents with musculoskeletal pain and fibromyalgia. Pediatrics. 1997;100:220–227
  14. Mikkelsson M, Kaprio J, Salminen JJ, Pulkkinen L, Rose RJ. Wide spread pain among 11-year old Finnish twin pairs. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44:481–485
  15. Mikkelsson M, Salminen JJ, Kautiainen H. Joint hypermobility is not a contributing factor to musculoskeletal pain. J Rheumatol. 1996;23:1963–1967
  16. Mikkelsson M, Salminen JJ, Kautiainen H. Non-specific musculoskeletal pain in preadolescents. Prevalence and 1-year persistence. Pain. 1997;73:29–35
  17. Mikkelsson M, Sourander A, Salminen JJ, Kautiainen H, Piha J. Widespread pain and neck pain in. schoolchildren. A prospective one-year follow-up study. Acta Paediatr. 1999;88:1119–1124
  18. Mikkelsson M. One year outcome of preadolescents with fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol. 1999;26:674–682
  19. Papageorgiou AC, Silman AJ, Macfarlane GJ. Chronic widespread pain in the population: a seven year follow up study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61:1071–1074
  20. Schanberg LE. Widespread pain in children: when is it pathologic?. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:2402–2405
  21. Staud R, Smitherman ML. Peripheral and central sensitization in FM: pathogenic role. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2002;6:259–266
  22. Wedderkopp N, Leboeuf-Yde C, Andersen LB, Froberg K, Hansen HS. Back pain in children: no association with objectively measured level of physical activity. Spine. 2003;28:2019–2024
  23. Wolfe F, Smythe HA, Yunus MB, Bennett RM, Bombardier C, Goldenberg DL, et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia: report of the multicenter criteria committee. Arthritis Rheum. 1990;33:160–172

PII: S0304-3959(08)00296-0

doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.06.005

PAIN
Volume 138, Issue 3 , Pages 681-687 , 15 September 2008

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