PAIN
Volume 150, Issue 3 , Pages 401-413 , September 2010

Inhibition of microglial P2X4 receptors attenuates morphine tolerance, Iba1, GFAP and μ opioid receptor protein expression while enhancing perivascular microglial ED2

  • Ryan J. Horvath

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
    • Neuroscience Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
    • ,
  • E. Alfonso Romero-Sandoval

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
    • Neuroscience Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
    • Department of Anesthesiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
    • ,
  • Joyce A. De Leo

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
    • Neuroscience Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
    • Department of Anesthesiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Address: Dartmouth Medical School, HB 7650, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. Tel.: + 1 603 650 1667; fax: +1 603 650 8525.

Received 12 October 2009 ,Revised 24 February 2010 ,Accepted 26 February 2010.

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PII: S0304-3959(10)00146-6

doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.02.042

PAIN
Volume 150, Issue 3 , Pages 401-413 , September 2010

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